Independent educational reference. Not affiliated with GIA, IGI, AWDC, Bain, the FTC, De Beers, or any diamond retailer or laboratory.
Lab-Grown vs Natural Diamond
Chapter Appendix - Citation Index

Sources and Citations

The complete numbered citation index for the Lab-Grown vs Natural Diamond reference site. Every numeric and regulatory claim across the chapters traces to one of the public sources listed below. Sources are grouped by institution and last verified in April 2026.

We use primary sources where they exist, secondary trade-press cross-checks where they help, and we mark industry-funded reports as such. We do not cite retailer pricing pages or user-submitted price quotations; the reasons are explained on the About page.

GIA - Gemological Institute of America

IGI - International Gemological Institute

FTC - Federal Trade Commission

Bain & Company

AWDC - Antwerp World Diamond Centre

De Beers Group press releases

Kimberley Process and civil society

Peer-reviewed lifecycle assessment

Industry trade press (secondary, cross-checked)

Industry-funded reports (cited cautiously)

Editorial note

What is not on this list

Retailer pricing pages, user-submitted price quotations, and Rapaport list prices are not used as citation sources for pricing claims on this site. The reasons are set out in full on the About page. The short version: retailer prices are promotional and not directly comparable across vendors, so wholesale and market-level data from Bain, AWDC, and De Beers public press releases is preferred.